3.The story
- 2015 Amazon buys Annapurna Labs 4.
- 2018 Announces Inferentia, its first AI chip 17.
- 2020 Announces Trainium 18.
- 2022 Trainium instances (Trn1) go on sale 19.
- 2023 Inferentia2 on sale; Trainium2 announced 20 21.
- 2024 Trainium2 on sale 22.
- 2025 Project Rainier for Anthropic switches on; Trainium3 goes on sale 23 6.
- 2026 OpenAI deal for about 2 gigawatts of Trainium; Anthropic deal grows to up to 5 gigawatts 24 25.
Amazon started with inference. Inferentia was announced in November 2018 17 and its Inf1 instances launched in December 2019 with up to 16 chips 26. Trn1, the first Trainium instances, went on sale in October 2022 with up to 50% lower training cost than comparable GPU instances, on AWS's claim 19. Trainium2 was announced in November 2023 21 and went on sale in December 2024, when Trainium3 was also first announced 22.
Project Rainier, the Trainium2 cluster AWS built for Anthropic, was activated in October 2025 with nearly 500,000 chips, "70% larger than any prior AWS AI platform"; Amazon said Anthropic would have more than a million Trainium2 chips by the end of 2025 23. By February 2026 AWS had landed 1.4 million Trainium2 chips, all subscribed 8.